ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY syndrome (APS) is a recently-diagnosed syndrome presenting with arterial and venous thrombosis, recurrent miscarriages and thrombocytopenia in the presence of ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID antibodies.A 16- year-old man referred due to right sided chest pain, dyspnea and cyanosis of two fingers presented for 2 months. After a complete workup, diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism was confirmed through clinical examination, spiral chest CTscan and lower limb Doppler sonography.He had positive anticardiolipin ANTIBODY, lupus anticoagulant, ANA and anti dsDNA. Based on these findings, diagnosis of APS (probably secondary to SLE) was made. Symptoms were improved by anticoagulant, prednisolone and chloroquine therapy. In a conclusion, pulmonary embolism may be the first presentation of APS, especially in young adults.

Recurrent abortion is a critical problem in which many factors play a crucial role such as anticordiolipin ANTIBODY and ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY. This study was conducted to evaluate the frequency of anticardiolipin ANTIBODY and ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY in pregnancy failures in women with the history of recurrent pregnancy loss. In 154 women with the history of two or more recurrent pregnancy losses, serum anticardiolipin and serum ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID were measured using ELISA method. The positive IgG anticardiolipin and IgG ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID were detected in 12. 34% (19 patients) and 6.5% (10 patients) of patients respectively. Although 16 out of 19 patients with positive IgG anticardiolipin were negative for IgG ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID and 7 out of 10 patients with positive IgG antiphosphplipid were negative IgG anticardiolipin, but there was a significant correlation between IgG anticardiolipin and IgG antiphaspholipid ( r = 0.222 p=0.000). Our data concluded that anticardiolipin ANTIBODY is found to be more important than anti phospholipid ANTIBODY in recurrent abortion.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to the recent pandemic. According to published reports, respiratory symptoms, such as pneumonia and inflammatory conditions, are common in this disease. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the level of ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID (aPL) antibodies in children with and without coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: This descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study was conducted on patients under 16 years of age with and without COVID-19 admitted to Ali Asghar Hospital between December 2021 and February 2022. Patient information was collected by the researcher in a checklist. The checklist included demographic information, clinical findings, and information on laboratory and ultrasound results. Results: In this study, 99 patients were evaluated in three groups: control (without COVID-19), moderate, and severe. The means (standard deviation [SD]) of C-reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer were significantly higher in the severe group. The Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to examine the relationship between aPL and anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies with laboratory results. The only significant and direct relationship was observed between aCL ANTIBODY and D-dimer. Conclusions: Increased CRP and D-dimer in children with COVID-19 are associated with the severe form of this serious disease. However, there was no significant association between the severity of the disease and the levels of aCL and aPL antibodies and anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI) in children.

In any description of leg ulcers in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) earns a mention at least for its being quite rare in such patients. The causative role of aPL (ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY) in dermatological manifestations of SLE is undermined by the occurrence of PG in aPL negative SLE patients. To the best of our knowledge, there are only two reports of PG in aPL negative SLE patients; in one, PG preceded the diagnosis of SLE by several years while the other was associated with the reactivation of the disease in an already diagnosed SLE patient. In view of the rarity of this association, we hereby present another similar case to substantiate the documentation of the association of the entities.

Background- Elevated levels of anticardiolipin ANTIBODY may be associated with the high prevalence of coronary artery disease. In this study, we measured the anticardiolipin ANTIBODY level in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and a control group.Methods- 63 patients with ACS (unstable angina - U/A, and acute myocardial infarction - AMI) presenting to our department were studied. Diagnosis of ACS was confirmed by clinical exam, history, ECG and cardiac enzyme determinations. Anticardiolipin ANTIBODY level was measured with the ELISA method in 63 patients with ACS and 130 healthy controls matched for sex and age, and samples were analyzed using SPSS and t-test.Results- The mean age of the patients and control group were 61.59 and 51.27 years, respectively.Mean anticardiolipin ANTIBODY level in patients with ACS was higher than that in the control group (P = 0.038). In men with ACS, the mean anticardiolipin ANTIBODY level was also higher than that in the control group (P= 0.002). In patients above 45 years of age, the mean anticardiolipin ANTIBODY level was higher than that in the control group (P = 0.012).Conclusion- Our study shows that there are higher anticardiolipin ANTIBODY levels in patients with ACS compared to controls. Thus, the evaluation of anticardiolipin ANTIBODY level in patients with ACS is necessary.

We present the first reported case of ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID syndrome with stroke in an Iranian boy (7-month-old) who had two ischemic strokes within a period of 2 months. Serum anticardiolipid ANTIBODY was positive and the patient had low levels of protein S and C. This case emphasizes the importance of ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY in children with unexplained ischemic stroke.

During the past 20 years it has been experienced that some patients with antiphosholiid antibodies may develop recurrent vascular thromboses, repeated fetal loss or thrombocytopenia. Anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) are the main antibodies associated with the ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID syndrom. The association of ACA with coronary heart disease (CHD) has been noticed in several studies but it still remains controversial. This study aimed to determine the importance of level and prevalence of serum ACA (IgG) in patients with CHD.The study population consisted of 56 healthy subjects and 112 CHD patients. Since the levels of ACA might have been modified by the presentation and severity of CHD, their levels in patients with different manifestation of CHD were measured.There were 30 patients with unstable angina and 30 patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) and 52 patients with angiographically verified CHD. Samples were taken from patients within 24 hours of admission.ACA (IgG) was detected by ELISA.High ACA(IgG) levels were found in 7 patients (6.3%»)and 3 healthy subjects (5.4%). However, the titer and prevalence of ACA did not differ among the patient groups and control subjects. On the other hand, the ACA (IgG) titers showed no correlation with age, gender and risk factor profile (diabetes mellitus, smoking habits, hyperlipidemia).Measurement of ACA in CHD patients is unlikely to yield information that is diagnostically or prognostically important. The importance of serum ACA levels in the natural history and prognosis of CHD is still undetermined and remains to be clarified. Large prospective trials with long follow-up periods will be necessary to define the relationship between ACA and CHD.

Background: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is a rare and potentially life-threatening neurologic manifestation of ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID syndrome. Oral contraceptive pills (OCP) may increase the risk of vascular events, even in people without family history of venous thrombosis.Case Presentation: A 31-year-old woman with four weeks of constant headache and history of taking OCP for one year has been selected for this study. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain and venography confirmed a diagnosis of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. The serum anticardiolipin and ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID antibodies were elevated and a definitive diagnosis of ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID syndrome was made.Conclusion: The present report demonstrates the importance of screening for ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID antibodies in patients presenting with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis despite history of taking OCP.